Narration

  Narration

 

Tense পরিবর্তনের  নিয়ম

Am, is, are--------was, were

Have, has-----had

was ,were--------had been

can -------      could

may----------- might

shall/will----------would

must------------ had to

Person পরিবর্তনের  নিয়ম

1.           Reported speech এর subject 1st person হলে reporting verb এর subject অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তিত হবে।

He said to me, “I am fine.”

 He told me that he was fine.

2.           Reported speech এর subject 2nd person হলে reporting verb এর  object অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তিত হবে।

He said to me, “You are fine.”

He told me that I was fine.

 

3.           Reported speech এর subject 3rd person  হলে person এর পরিবর্তন হবেনা ।

He said to me, “He is fine.”

He told me that he was fine

 

Some Words Change in Narration

Direct narration	Indirect narration
Now	Then
Today	That day
Tomorrow	The next day
Yesterday	the previous day
Tonight	That night
This	That

 

Assertive sentence

1.           Assertive sentence এ said to এর পরিবর্তে told হবে।

2.           Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে that  হবে।

3.           Person পরিবর্তন করতে হবে।

4.           Tense পরিবর্তন করতে হবে।

He said to me,” I went to school yesterday.

He told me that he had gone to school the previous day

He said, “I was fine.”

He said that he had been fine.

Interrogative sentences

1.           Interrogative sentence এ said to এর পরিবর্তে asked হবে।

2.Auxiliary verb দিয়ে Interrogative sentence শুরু হেল Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে 

if/whether হবে।

3. .WH word  দিয়ে Interrogative sentence শুরু হেল Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে 

WH word হবে।

4. তারপর Subject ও Tense অনুসারে verb হবে।

5. Full stop হবে।

He said to me, “Are you going to school?”

He asked me if I was going to school.

He said to me, “What was I doing?”

He asked me what he had been doing.

Imperative Sentences

1.            অনুরোধ বুঝালে  said to এর পরিবর্তে requested হবে।

2.            আদেশ বুঝালে said to এর পরিবর্তে ordered হবে।

3.            উপদেশ বুঝালে said to এর পরিবর্তে  হবে advised হবে।

4.            নিষেধ বুঝালে forbade

5.            Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে to   হবে।

6.            Verb দিয়ে শুরু করতে হবে।

7.            Full stop হবে।

He said to me, “Please give me some water.”

He requested me to give him some water.

He said to me, “Do the work at once.”

He ordered me to do the work at once.

Father said to me, “Always speak the truth.”

Father advised me to speak the truth always.

        

1.Let us থাকলে said to এর পরিবর্তে proposed  to হবে।

2.Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে that  হবে।

3.তারপর Subject  হবে

4.Should + মুল verb থেকে শেষ পর্যন্ত

We said to him, “Let us go out for a walk.”

We proposed to him that we should go out for a walk.

2. 1.Let me/let him/let them থাকলে said to এর পরিবর্তে told /requested হবে।

2.Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে that  হবে।

3.তারপর Subject  হবে

4.might + মুল verb থেকে শেষ পর্যন্ত

He said to me, "Let me go out."

He told me that he might go out.

Optative Sentence

1.           said to এর পরিবর্তে prayed/wished হবে।

2.           prayed/ wishএর পর object হবে না

3.           Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে that  হবে।

4.            তারপর Subject  হবে +might+বাকী অংশ ।

Mother said to me, “May Allah bless you.”

Mother prayed that Allah might bless me.

Mother said to me, “May you be happy.”

Mother wished that I might be happy.

 

Exclamatory Sentences

1.           said to এর পরিবর্তে আনন্দ বুঝালে exclaimed with joy হবে

2.           said to এর পরিবর্তে দুঃখ বুঝালে exclaimed with sorrow হবে

3.           Inverted comma (“”) এর পরিবর্তে that  হবে।

4.           Exclamatory sentence টিকে Assertive করতে হবে।

He said to me, “Hurrah! I have won the game.”

He exclaimed with joy that he had won the game.

He said to me, “Alas! I have lost my bag.”

He exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost his bag.

He said to me, “What a nice bird it is!”

He exclaimed with joy that it was a very nice bird.

He said to me, “Good morning.”

He wished me good morning.

He said to me “Good bye.”

He bade me good bye.

He said to me, “Thank you.”

He thanked me.

He said to me, “May I come in, sir?”

He respectfully asked me if he might go in.

        

Wrote-had written

Ate---had eaten

Played-had played

1.           Father said to Rina, “Do you know why I have sent you to school?” The daughter said, “Yes, I know. I have been sent to school to learn to read and write. ” “Right,” father said.

2.           Why don’t you attend the classes?” the teacher said to the boy. “You cannot expect good results unless you attend classes as I tell you.” “I am sorry, sir. I have offended you,” said the boy. “Thank you,” said the teacher.

3. Change the narrative style.

 "Whose picture is it?" I asked.

"A little girl's of course," said Grandmother.

"Can't you tell?"

"Yes, but do you know the girl?"

"Yes, I knew her," said Granny "but she was a very wicked girl and I shouldn't tell you about her."